PROBIOTICS IN PRIMARY PREVENTION OF ATOPIC DISEASES – WHEN IS THE RIGHT TIME?
Keywords:
probiotics, allergic diseases, preventionAbstract
With a prevalence of more than 30%, allergic diseases are the most common chronic diseases in children and adolescents. The etiopathogenesis of allergic diseases is multifactorial, which means that both genetic and environmental factors participate have their role in the development. The pathogenesis of atopic disease begins in the earliest childhood, we can freely say in utero. The microbiome certainly plays one of the major roles in the etiopathogenesis of atopic diseases. Epidemiological studies have shown that the microbiota of children with a tendency to develop allergic diseases differs from the microbiota of healthy children. From all the above, it is clear that the prevention of allergic diseases must begin as early as possible, preferably prenatally. Good bacteria should not only be advised during pregnancy, but also in the first months of life and even years of life in children who are at high risk. Early intervention is crucial to prevent the "atopic march" and prevent allergies. Numerous studies have shown that the use of probiotics (live microorganisms - good bacteria) aims to change the composition of the intestinal microbiota in the direction of increasing the number of bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus rhamnosus and reuteri, and the genus Bifidobacterium lactis which are considered to have a protective effect on development allergy. The controversial results, on the other hand, can be explained by the great heterogeneity of the studies covered. One thing is for sure, not all probiotics are equally effective for all forms of allergic diseases. The task of some research in the future will certainly be the personalized usage of probiotics in accordance with the age and needs of patients.
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