INTERVENCIJE KOD DECE I MLADIH SA DEPRESIJOM
Ključne reči:
depresija, deca, adolescenti, intervencijeApstrakt
Depresija predstavlja značajno opterećenje po samo dete/adolescenta, njegovu porodicu i širu okolinu; u poslednjim decenijama zapažen je rast incidencije.Depresija može da ostavi ozbiljne posledice po psihičko i fizičko zdravlje dece ili da dovede do fatalnog ishoda. I ako slična klinička slika, depresija u ranijem uzrastnom dobu ima neke svoje specifičnosti u odnosu na onu koja se javlja u kasnijem životnom dobu. Usled vrlo kompleksne, varijabilne i nespecifične simptomatologije depresija kod dece se vrlo teško detektuje, kako od strane roditelja, tako i od strane stručnjaka koji se bave mentalnim zdravljem mladih. Efektivni tretmani i intervencije postoje, ali za većinu ne postoje dovoljno stabilni dugotrajni pokazatelji efikasnosti, stoga smernice za lečenje se razlikuju u različitim zemljama. Nedostatak prospektivnih studija je rezultiralo činjenicom da se kod dece često primenjuju tretmani zasnovani samo na kliničkom iskustvu i ekspertskom mišljenju. Preusmeravanje resursa na prevenciju, rano otkrivanje i rane intervencije je od esencijalnog značaja za depresivnost dečijeg doba, upravo iz razloga dokazane tranzicije depresije iz dečijeg doba u adolescenciju ili i u odraslo doba. Preventivni programi koji se već sprovode u nekim zemljama daju obećavajuće rezultate. Nacionalne vodič dobre kliničke prakse za dijagnostiku i lečenje depresije Republike Srbije u svom izvornom obliku imaju posebno poglavlje posvećeno tretmanu depresije kod dece i adolescenata i pomažu izboru tretmana.
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