LIPIDI I LIPOPROTINI U DECE. ZNAČAJ ODREDJIVANJA
Ključne reči:
ateroskleroza, lipidi, lipoproteini, decaApstrakt
Uvod: Hiperlipidemija je jedna od značajnih faktora rizika za razvoj ateroskleroze.
Cilj rada: Odredjivanje vrednosti lipida ili poproteina u deceu zrasta 5-19 godina sa posebnim osvrtom na porodičnu anamnezu. Odredjivanje procenta dece sa vrednostima lipida ili poproteina koje su visoki rizik za koronarno oboljenje u odraslom dobu I u odnosu na porodičnu anamnezu I procenat dece sa familijarnom hiperholesterolemijom na osnovu fenotipskih karakteristika.
Metode rada: Na osnovu porodične anamneze deca su podeljena u 4 grupe. Grupa u kojoj je jedan od roditelja doživeo infarkt miokarda, očevi pre 55 godine života, majke pre 60 godine, rizik grupa 1 (RG1); grupa u kojoj su dede i/ili babe doživeli infarkt miokarda, rizik grupa 2 (RG2); grupa u kojoj kod članova porodice postoje faktori rizika značajni za nastanak ateroskleroze ali bez doživljenog infarkta miokarda ili doživljenog šloga, rizik grupa 3 (RG3) ; i grupa u kojoj u porodičnoj anamnezi ne postoji nijedan od faktora rizika, koji je značajan za nastanak ateroskleroze, kontrolna grupa (KG).
Odredjivane su vrednosti ukupnog holesterola (TC), lipoprotein holesterola velike gustine (HDL-C), triglicerida (TG) i računate vrednosti lipoprotein holesterola velike gustine (LDL-C). Za procenu rizika korišćene su 2016 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the Managementof Dyslipidaemia, i Expert Panel on Integrated Guidelines for Cardiovascular Health.
Rezultati: Lipidni status je uradjen u 1759 dece. Postoji znatan procenat dece sa visokim vrednostima TC(8,01%), LDL-C (6,28%), HDL-C( 12,91%) i TG (12,78%). U dece čiji su roditelji doživeli infarkt i dede I/ili babe, vrednosti TC, LDL holesterola i Tg bile su veće nego u dece kontrolne grupe, ali bez značajne statističke razlike (p>0.05). Vrednosti HDL su niže, ali bez statistički značajne razlike (p>0.05). Bilo je 0.74% dece sa familijarnom hiperholesterolemijom, 0.37% sa vrednostima LDL-C≥5mmol/l.
Zaljučak: Odredjivanje vrednosti lipida i lipoproteina s posebnom osvrtom na porodičnu anemnezu i rano otkrivanje dece sa povećanim vrednostima i dece sa familijarnom hiperholesterolemijom je jedna od mera prevencije ateroskleroze.
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