TRETMAN CEREBRALNE PARALIZE U DETINJSTVU: KAKO FUNKCIONIŠE U SRBIJI?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46793/PP240127007DKljučne reči:
cerebralna paraliza, nesposobnost, deca, fizikalna terapijaApstrakt
Cerebralna paraliza (CP) je najčešći uzrok fizičke nesposobnosti u detinjstvu. U opštoj populaciji javlja se sa učestalošću od 1.5 do 3.0 na 1000 živorođenih. Tačan uzrok CP nije jasan u oko 80% slučajeva, ali se u većini mogu naći faktori rizika vezani za pre, peri ili postnatalni period. CP nije isključivo fizička nesposobnost, već su često prisutni i drugi poremećaji. Optimalan razvoj deteta (psihološki, socijalni, emocionalni i kognitivni), takođe je u riziku. CP ne pogađa samo dete, već i njegovu porodicu, u svim segmentima života. U bliskoj prošlosti, preciznu dijagnozu CP teško je bilo postaviti u prvoj godini života, ali sada je to moguće i pre 6. meseca (korigovani uzrast). Rana dijagnoza podrazumeva primenu neuroimidžing tehnika, neurološku procenu i procenu motorike. Rano postavljanje dijagnoze važno je za što raniji početak specifične terapijske intervencije koja ima za cilj optimizaciju detetovih motoričkih i kognitivnih potencijala i prevenciju sekundarnih komplikacija. CP je trajno stanje, te je samim tim i tretman dugotrajan. Centralnu ulogu u tretmanu dece sa CP ima fizikalna terapija čiji je osnovni cilj maksimalno poboljšanje pokretljivosti i funkcionalnosti deteta u granicama njegovih mogućnosti.
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