POVEZANOST NIVOA FIZIČKE AKTIVNOSTI I VREDNOSTI KRVNOG PRITISKA KOD DECE PREDŠKOLSKOG I ŠKOLSKOG UZRASTA
Ključne reči:
fizička aktivnost, deca, krvni pritisak, sedentarne aktivnostiApstrakt
O povezanosti nivoa fizičke aktivnosti dece predškolskog uzrasta i pokazatelja rizika oboljevanja od kardiovaskularnih bolesti ima malo konkretnih dokaza. Istraživanja sprovedena sa decom osnovno-školskog uzrasta pokazala su oprečne nalaze o povezanosti fizičke aktivnosti i vrednosti krvnog pritiska. Analize iznete u preglednim istraživanjima i meta analizama objavljenim tokom prethodne decenije blago favorizuju aerobne fizičke aktivnosti u smanjivanju obe vrednosti krvnog pritiska kod dece u odnosu na trening snage. Nivo fizičke aktivnosti dece predškolskog i osnovnoškolskog uzrasta može se povećati kroz povećanje spontane fizičke aktivnosti, organizovane programe fizičkog vežbanja ili bavljenje sportom. U praksi je primenjiv široki spektar različitih aktivnosti koje mogu da dovodu do smanjenja ukupnog trajanja sedentarnih aktivnosti na manje od dva sata dnevno (što uključuje smanjenje korišćenja pametnih telefona, tableta, konzola i računara u svrhe igranja, slanja poruka i korišćenja društvenih mreža, smanjenje gledanje televizijskih programa itd). U slučajevima kada se dijagnostikuju vrednosti krvnog pritiska kod dece predškolskog i osnovno-školskog uzrasta povećanje nivoa fizičke aktivnosti uz smanjenje sedaternih aktivnosti u slobodnom vremenu treba da bude primarna strategija intervencije u blažim slučajevima, a komplementarna i nezamenljiva strategija u slučajevima kod kojih je potreban farmakološki tretman.
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