LIPIDS AND LIPOPROTEINS IN CHILDREN. THE SIGNIFICANCE OD DETERMING
Keywords:
atherosclerosis, lipids, lipoproteins, childrenAbstract
Introduction: Hyperlipidemia is one of the most important risk factors for the atherosclerosis development.
The aim of this study was to determine lipid and lipoprotein status in children aged 5-19, number of children with high lipid and lipoprotein values, and to recognize those with familial hypercholesterolaemia.
Methods: Children were divided into 4 groups according to their family histories. Children with one of the parents suffered from myocardial infarction, fathers before the age of 55, mothers before the age of 60, was risk group 1 (RG1); children with grandparents who suffered from myocardial infarction was risk group 2 (RG2); children with family members who had risk factors relevant to the onset of atherosclerosis was risk groups 3(RG3); and control group (CG) with no risk factors in families significant for the onset of atherosclerosis.
Concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) were measured. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was calculated. Assessment of these values was in accordance with 2016 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the Management of Dyslipidaemia, and Expert Panel on Integrated Guidelines for Cardiovascular Health.
Results: The lipid status was done in 1759 children. There was a significant percentage of children with high values of TC (8.01%), LDL-C (6.28%), HDL-C (12.91%) and TG (12.78%). In children whose fathers suffered from myocardial infarction before the age of 55 or mothers before the age of 60 TC, LDL-C and TG values were higher than in children from families where there was not any of the risk factors significant for the onset of atherosclerosis but without statistically significant difference (p> 0.05).There was 0.74% of children with familial hypercholesterolaemia, 0.37% with values of LDL-C≥ 5mmol /l.
Conclusion: Determination of lipid and lipoprotein values with particular reference to family anamnesis and early detection of children with high values and with familial hypercholesterolaemia is one of prevention measures of atherosclerosis.
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